How do you sanitize or sterilize the bottle? I would think this needs to be done periodically. thanks

Yes it should be done periodically. We provide instructions in the brochure that comes in our newer packages and on our website, under Directions-Video-Warning. So that you do not have to go looking, they are as follows: Clean the device with a few drops of dish detergent or baby shampoo and water. Attach the tube and cap and shake vigorously. Then empty the liquid and scrub the bottle and cap with a bottle or nipple brush. Rinse thoroughly. Shake off the excess water and place the bottle, cap and tube in the microwave for 1.5 to 2 minutes. This will disinfect the device. There are no independent research studies to suggest that this is necessary, however, it is recommended by NeilMed. There are research studies in progress and it will take 1-2 years to publish the results.